水是生命，是人类生存所必需的，它对个人健康和国家福祉以及获得优质水的重要性怎么强调都不过分。水约占地球表面的70%，其中约97%的地表水包含在海洋中，只有约0.3-0.8%的地下水。地下水是地表下的水，在那里岩石和土壤中的所有空隙都被填满了。它是水井、钻孔和泉水的水源。钻孔是一种水工结构，当设计和施工得当时，可以从含水层中经济地抽取水。这是一个用机器钻的窄井。由于尼日利亚政府在供水方面的投资不足，许多人不得不建造钻孔作为可移动水源的替代来源。贝宁市位于尼日利亚南部的埃多州，人口不断增长。随着住宅开发项目的增加，钻孔扩散的程度也很高。在贝宁市，几乎所有的住宅、办公室或商业建筑都有一个在建的钻孔。 As the population of Benin City continues to rise, human activities including soil fertility remediation, indiscriminate refuse and waste disposal, and the use of septic tanks, soak-away pits and pit latrines are on the increase. These activities are capable of producing leachates into the groundwater formation that serve as source of water to the inhabitants in the City. Proliferation and Contamination of groundwater can pose a serious public health risk and as well as a long term environmental hazard. It is therefore recommended the Edo State government look urgently at this issue and provide solutions to safeguard the health of the citizens and the environment. It is drawn conclusively stated that the proliferation of boreholes in Benin City, may lead to a long term environmental hazard and as well as pose a potential serious public health concern. The objective of this study is to elucidate the effect of the proliferation of boreholes in Benin City and public heath significance.